Selelekela
Mehaho ea tšepe e entsoe ka foreime ea skeleton e nang le litšiea tse otlolohileng, maballo a tšekaletseng joalo-joalo tse entsoeng ka thepa ea tšepe, e kolobisitsoeng, e kolobisitsoeng kapa e kopantsoeng hammoho, hangata ka marang-rang a rectilinear.Mehaho ea tšepe hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa meaho e mahareng le e phahameng, ea indasteri, ea polokelo le ea bolulo.
Melemo ea meaho ea tšepe e kenyelletsa:
Ho mamella litšisinyeho tsa lefatše le ho kenya moea.Bonolo ba kaho le ho seha.Nako e khuts'oane ea kaho.Ho hanyetsa mollo ha ho phekoloa.E ka sebelisoa hammoho le mefuta e meng ea kaho.Ho bonolo ho kopanya.Ho nepahala ho phahameng.Ho etsoa ka ntle ho sebaka.Maemo a matla ho boima le matla a bophahamo.Lumella liphapa tse telele tse hlakileng.Litšiea tse tšesaane.Can. pepesoe
Litsamaiso tsa meralo ea tšepe
Likarolo tse kholo tsa meaho ea tšepe li kenyelletsa marako, fatše, marulelo le litho tsa bracing li ka hlophisoa hore li be le mofuta o itseng oa sistimi e thusang botsitso ba sebopeho sa moaho ho latela mofuta kapa ts'ebeliso ea moaho, sebopeho le matla a se sebelisitsoeng. meroalo le bophelo ba moralo bo hlokahalang
Ho etsa foreimi ea lebota
Ho etsa foreimi ea lebota ho kenyelletsa ho hlongoa ha marako a masonry ho pota-pota le ka hare ho mohaho 'me litho tsa litšepe tsa mohaho li kenngoa maboteng a masonry ho sebelisa lipoleiti tsa tšepe tse behang le tse qetellang le liboutu tsa ankora.Moralo le kaho ea foreimi ea lebota e itšetlehileng ka boima ba moroalo le sebaka se pakeng tsa litšehetso tse latellanang.
Le hoja maballo a tebileng a tlaase a thusa ho eketsa bophahamo bo hlakileng ba ntlo ea mohaho oa mohaho o boetse o hlahisa tlhokahalo bakeng sa sebaka se haufi sa litšiea 'me kahoo se fokotsa sebaka se hlakileng sa fatše.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, liforeimi tse tebileng li thusa ho nka sebaka se selelele.
Ho theha skeleton
Ena ke kholomo-Beam structural framework system, moo meroalo eohle ea lateral le matla a khoheli a fetisetsoang ho moralo oa tšepe ebe o fetisetsoa motheong.Mabota a entsoe e le lerako la lesira le se nang mojaro.Moralo oa marapo hangata o na le maballo a spandrel, maballo a mantlha kapa a mantlha, maballo a mahareng kapa a mahareng, litšiea tsa lebota le litšiea tse kahare le letlapa la konkreite le matlafalitsoeng.Bakeng sa likhokahano tsa eccentric lipakeng tsa kholomo le maballo ho na le mekhoa e mengata e amehang joalo ka ts'ebeliso ea libakete tsa tšepe, lipoleiti tsa gusset le li-haunches tse thusang ho tsamaisa khatello ea maikutlo.Li-shims li thusa ho etsa litlhophiso tsa mela le bophahamo.Li-angles tsa shelefo li thusa ho hokela leballo le kholomo ea spandrel.
Ho etsa foreimi ea nako e telele
Sekhahla se selelele ke bolelele bo fetang 12m.E thusa ho fana ka sebaka sa fatše se feto-fetohang, libaka tsa ka hare tse sa lefelloeng, ho fokotsa nako ea kaho ea setšeng, ho lumella ho kenya lits'ebeletso tse ngata le tšebeliso e tsoakiloeng ea libaka.Hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa meaho e meholo ea indasteri, liholo, liholo tsa boithabiso, libaka tsa lipontšo joalo-joalo.
Ho sebelisoa mekhoa e latelang;li-stub girders, maballo a kopantsoeng a kopantsoeng, li-trusses tse kopantsoeng, li-spension tsa cantilever, lipoleiti tse phuthoang, li-curvilinear grids, li-shell shells domes, marang-rang a cable, li-trusses tsa sebaka, liforeimi tsa portal joalo-joalo.
Li-girders
Tsena ke maballo a tšepe a tebileng a thusang ho tsamaea sebaka se selelele.Bolelele ba ho pharalla bo itšetlehile ka kereiti ea tšepe ea girder le karo-karolelano ea botebo ba span.Li-girders li kentsoe ka mekhoa e fapaneng ho na le li-stub girders tse pharallang ka bolelele ho pholletsa le meaho e hokahaneng le li-girders tse kholo, 'me li-hybrid girders ke tsona tse thatafalitsoeng ho jara meroalo e phahameng ka ho kenyelletsa likarolo tse cheselitsoeng holimo le tlase. flanges.
Li-trusses
Li-trusses li na le monyetla oa ho tsamaea sebaka se selelele ka lebaka la botebo bo boholo boo li nang le bona bo li etsang hore li be thata khahlanong le ho kheloha.Mefuta ea li-trusses e sebelisetsoang ho haha nako e telele e kenyelletsa Pratt trusses, Warren Trusses, Fink Trusses, Scissors, Bow String le Vierendeel Trusses.Bakeng sa lintlha tse ling bona: Truss.
Mefuta ena ea li-truss e ka sebelisoa e le litho tse ka sehloohong tse tšehetsang meralo ea meralo ea fatše le ea marulelo.
Liforeimi tse thata
Tekanyo ea ho tiea ha likhokahanyo tsa kholumo e tlameha ho hlahlobisisoa ka hloko.Liforeimi tse thata, likhokahano li etselitsoe ho jara nako ea ho kobeha le matla a ho kuta.Li entsoe e le liforeimi tse tsoelang pele ho pholletsa le bolelele bohle le bophahamo ha ho se na lihokelo kapa lithakhisa tsa meqhaka le bohareng ba span.
Metheo e meholo e thata e thusa ho jara le ho aba motsotsoana le ho kuta fatše.Ka mabaka a moruo maemo a fatše a lokela ho hlahlojoa kaha a ka lebisa litšenyehelong tse phahameng tsa metheo maemong a fokolang a mobu.
Li-arches
Li-arches li ka etsoa e le li-arches tse tiileng kapa li-arches tse bulehileng tsa marang-rang, li-hinged tse tharo, tse peli tse nang le li-hinged kapa tse tsitsitseng.Tsena li itšetlehile ka mofuta oa thepa ea sebopeho e tla sebelisoa, matla a matla, anchorage, tšebeliso ea mohaho, mofuta oa motheo le maemo a ho laela.
Li-hinged arch tse tharo li ka thusa ho tsamaea sebaka se selelele le ha ho na le maemo a mabe a kang boemo ba leholimo bo bobe, meaho e boima haholo joalo-joalo.Li-arches tse peli tse pentiloeng ha li matla haholo ha li bapisoa le li-arch tse tharo tse hinged.Li-arches tse tsitsitseng li sebelisoa mehahong e nang le meroalo e bobebe le maemo a matle a fatše.
Nako ea poso: Jun-28-2022